航天诱变处理对草菇生物学特性的影响

Effects of Space Mutagenesis on Biological Characteristics of Volvariella volvacea

以草菇“V106”为试材,采用稳定高效的航天诱变技术处理草菇菌株“V106”,研究了航天诱变对诱变株菌丝和子实体生长、胞内胞外活性物质含量、鲜菇贮藏特性等生物学特性的影响,以期为草菇的诱变育种提供新思路。结果表明:筛选得到7株诱变菌株,生物学特性发生了不同程度的改变。其中,所得草菇诱变株T7菌株丝生长速度提高了9.42%,出菇时间减少至13 d,鲜菇质量提高了1.37%,胞内麦角硫因、胞内外总酚以及胞外类黄酮含量均优于“V106”,保鲜期延长至4 d。菌株T7的成功筛选表明航天诱变可作为草菇选育的有效途径,促进草菇产业的积极发展。

Straw mushroom ‘V106’ was used as the test material and stable and efficient aerospace mutagenesis was applied to treat strain ‘V106’.The effects of aerospace mutagenesis on the biological characteristics of the mutant strain, including mycelial and substrate growth, intracellular and extracellular active substance content and storage characteristics of fresh mushrooms were studied, in order to provide new ideas for mutation breeding of Volvariella volvacea.The results showed that seven mutagenic strains were screened and their biological characteristics were changed to various degrees.Among them, the mycelial growth rate of mutant strain T7 was increased by 9.42%,the emergence time was reduced to 13 days, the mushroom quality was increased by 1.37%,the contents of intracellular ergothioin, total intracellular and extracellular phenols and extracellular flavonoids were better than those of ‘V106’,and the shelf life was extended to 4 days.The successful screening of strain T7 showed that space mutation can be used as an effective way for the breeding of Volvariella volvacea and promoted the positive development of Volvariella volvacea industry.