教育的道德构成要素及其价值取向

The Moral Elements of Education and Their Value Orientation

道德不只适用于个体或群体,也适用于政治、市场、教育等社会系统。就教育领域而言,不仅教育者与受教育者的行为需要进行道德规范,教育系统自身亦需要进行道德规范。然而,人们通常更关注前者而忽视后者。鉴于此,需要就后者尤其是教育的道德目的、道德价值及其实践的评价标准进行探讨。为实现教育育人的本真价值,应将促进幸福作为教育最终的道德目的,将完善人性作为教育最终的道德价值,将增进每个学生的利益总量作为衡量教育道德的根本标准。

Morality applies not only to individuals or groups, but also to social systems such as politics, markets and education. In the field of education, not only the behavior of educators and educatees needs to be regulated morally, but also the education system itself needs to be regulated morally. However, people usually pay more attention to the former than the latter. In view of this, it is necessary to discuss the latter, especially its moral purpose, moral value and the evaluation standard of its practice. In order to realize the true value of education to educate people, the promotion of happiness should be considered as the ultimate moral purpose of education, the perfection of human nature as the ultimate moral value of education, and the improvement of the total amount of interests of each student as the fundamental standard to measure educational morality.