樱桃番茄材料‘J5’再生体系的建立

Establishment of Regeneration System for Material ‘J5’ of Cherry Tomato

以品质优良的自育樱桃番茄‘J5’为试材,采用植物组织培养法,研究了培养基类型、浸泡时间和消毒方式组合对无菌苗培养的影响;不同激素组合对愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的影响;IAA浓度对生根的影响,以期为建立完整的再生体系提供参考依据。结果表明:番茄种子在浸泡24 h和5%NaClO消毒处理后于1/2MS培养基上得到的无菌苗最佳,其出苗整齐、长势良好。外植体的出愈率在玉米素(ZT)+吲哚乙酸(IAA)组合和6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)+IAA组合下无显著差异(P<0.05,下同),但出芽率在6-BA+IAA组合下显著高于ZT+IAA组合;子叶的出芽率比下胚轴更高,其最适芽分化培养基为MS+2.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0 mg·L^(-1) IAA,分化率达到40.00%。最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+0.2 mg·L^(-1) IAA,生根时间仅为5~6 d,其根较密集且粗壮;利用培养箱进行炼苗,移栽到营养土与蛭石比为3∶1的基质中,成活率可达100%。综上所述,无菌苗培养受培养基类型、种子浸泡时间和消毒方式的影响;外植体选择子叶为宜,6-BA促进芽的分化效果更好;低浓度的IAA有助于不定芽生根。

Taking the self bred cherry tomato‘J5’with good quality as the test material,the effects of the combination of medium type,soaking time and disinfection method on the culture of sterile seedlings were studied by using the method of plant tissue culture;effects of different hormone combinations on callus induction and adventitious bud differentiation;effect of IAA concentration on rooting,in order to provide reference for the establishment of a complete regeneration system.The results showed that the best sterile seedlings were obtained from tomato seeds on 1/2 MS medium after soaking for 24 hours and 5%NaClO sterilization treatment,and the seedlings emerged neatly and grew well.The healing rate of the explants was not significantly different between the combination of zeatin(ZT)+indoleacetic acid(IAA)and 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA)+IAA(P<0.05,the same below),but the germination rate was significantly higher under the combination of 6-BA+IAA than ZT+IAA;the germination rate of cotyledons was higher than that of hypocotyls,and the optimal medium for shoot differentiation was MS+2.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0 mg·L^(-1) IAA,and the differentiation rate reached 40.00%.The optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS+0.2 mg·L^(-1) IAA,and the rooting time was only 5-6 days.The roots were denser and thicker;the seedlings were refined using the incubator and transplanted into a substrate with a nutrient soil to vermiculite ratio of 3∶1,and the survival rate was up to 100%.In conclusion,the culture of sterile seedlings was influenced by the type of medium,seed soaking time and disinfection method;the choice of cotyledons for explants was appropriate,and 6-BA promotes the differentiation of shoots better;low concentration of IAA helps the rooting of adventitious shoots.