“引资”的“引智”促进效应:理论与实证

The Impact of Utilizing FDI on the Inflow of International Talents:Theory and Empirical Analysis

从资本要素跨国流动通常是以资本为纽带的一揽子生产要素流动角度看,“引资”能否带动“引智”是现阶段中国发展高质量开放型经济绕不开的话题。理论和实证研究结果表明:第一,“引资”对“引智”确实具有带动作用,控制其他影响因素以及进行一系列稳健性检验依然成立;第二,“引资”对直接生产性人才的带动作用力,要强于对非直接生产性人才的带动作用力;第三,“引资”对“引智”的带动作用主要通过提升东道国货物贸易、服务贸易和研发水平三个机制产生作用。据此,根据要素质量匹配性原理,充分发挥人才要素跨国流动的带动作用,必须重视跨国流动资本质量,即通过高质量利用外资促进国际化人才流入。

In the previous round of opening-up development,China promoted the rapid development of open economy through the massive use of foreign direct investment(FDI)from multinational corporations,which is consistent with the global trend of the evolution of global factor division of labor.The cross-border flow of capital factors is not the inflow and outflow of a single production factor of capital,but is the inflow and outflow of a package of production factors including technology and management linked by capital.After entering a new stage of development,whether China can seize the new strategic opportunities brought by the further in-depth evolution of division of labor and promote introduction of intelligence through introduction of FDI,so as to accelerate the inflow of innovative international talents in the implementation of the talent internationalization strategy and promote China’s open economy to a higher level,is still an important proposition that is rarely studied.The theoretical analysis of this paper shows that the utilization of FDI has a significant role in promoting the inflow of international talents,and this role is mainly played through specific mechanisms such as the correlation effect of trade in goods and trade in services,and the effect of research and development.Further empirical results show that first,introduction of FDI does have a driving effect on the inflow of international talents,and the above conclusions are still valid after controlling for other influencing factors and conducting a series of robustness checks.Second,the driving effect of attracting FDI on direct productive talents is stronger than that of non-direct productive talents.Third,the driving effect of introduction of FDI to introduction of intelligence is mainly through three mechanism works including the improvement of trade in goods,trade in services and R&D level of the host countries research and development.mechanism works.Compared with existing studies,this paper expands in the following two aspects.On the one hand,in terms of research methods,qualitative analysis methods such as questionnaires are mainly used to break through the existing literature.This paper mainly adopts the econometric methods to empirically analyze the effect of the utilization of FDI to the inflow of international talents,providing more convincing empirical evidence on whether attracting FDI drives the inflow of international talents.On the other hand,in terms of data processing,this paper attempts to measure the inflow of international talent by combining authoritative statistical data and manual data collection,in order to make up for the lack of existing statistical data.The findings above not only help us to further understand the role of vigorously introducing FDI,especially the important role of high-quality utilization of foreign capital,but also have important policy implications for how to attract and gather global high-end factors to promote high-quality development of open economy after China’s opening-up development has entered a new stage.