客观相对收入与主观收入差距容忍度——基于集体主义视角的经验研究

Relative Income and Subjective Tolerance of Income Inequality:An Empirical Study from the Perspective of Collectivism

我们利用“中国综合社会调查(CGSS)”数据,从“集体主义”文化氛围的视角研究客观相对收入对主观收入差距容忍度的影响。研究发现,个人的客观相对收入越高,其主观收入差距容忍度也越高。在“集体主义”文化氛围下检验影响的异质性,发现集体主义感弱化了个人相对收入对其主观收入差距容忍度的正向影响。进行稳健性和内生性检验后该结论依然成立。进一步的研究表明,主观经济地位在客观相对收入影响主观收入差距容忍度的过程中发挥正向的中介效应。政策涵义在于,我国脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利,绝对贫困得以消除,政府需要逐步重视和不断增强陷入相对剥夺状态贫困户的获得感、幸福感、安全感。此外,政府还应在再分配、三次收入分配政策的制定和实施过程中充分考虑文化的差异性和重要性。

Utilizing“Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)”data, this paper investigates the impact of objective relative income on the subjective tolerance of income inequality from the perspective of the culture of“collectivism”.Findings illustrate that the higher the relative income of an individual, the higher the tolerance for income inequality. After testing the heterogeneity of the influence in the culture of“collectivism”, it is found that people with a stronger sense of collectivism have a weaker positive influence of relative income on the tolerance of income inequality, and the conclusions of the robustness and endogenous tests are still valid. Further research shows that subjective economic status plays a positive mediation effect in the process of relative income affecting the tolerance of income disparity. The policy implication of this article is that China has achieved all-round victory in the fight against poverty, and absolute poverty has been eliminated. The government should continuously enhance the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the poor households in a state of relative deprivation. In addition, the government should also consider cultural differences and importance in the formulation and implementation of redistribution and tertiary income distribution policies.