北京市基层医疗机构中老年颈椎病患者中医体质的调查研究

A study on TCM constitution of middle-aged and elderly patients with cervical spondylosis in primary medical institutions in Beijing

目的:探讨北京市基层医疗机构中老年颈椎病患者中医体质分布情况和不同类型颈椎病的中医体质区别,为基层颈椎病的“治未病”工作提供数据支持和理论依据。方法:本研究调查分析2021年1月1日-6月30日就诊于北京市和平里社区卫生服务中心全科门诊和中医科门诊的135例颈椎病患者(观察组)和非颈椎病人群128例(对照组),通过面对面问卷调查获得调查对象的基本资料、中医体质类型、颈椎病分型等相关信息。结果:中老年颈椎病患者的中医体质以偏颇体质为主。两组相比,平和质、阳虚质、血瘀质的差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05),气虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、气郁质、特禀质的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。不同类型的颈椎病患者中,混合型颈椎病患者最多,其次为神经根型颈椎病患者、颈型颈椎病患者、脊髓型颈椎病患者,交感型颈椎病患者最少,不同类型颈椎病之间的差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:阳虚质、血瘀质属于高危体质,其发展为颈椎病的风险比其他体质高,应予以早期干预。可根据不同的体质类型,对不同类型的颈椎病进行养生保健,以达到治未病的目的。

Objective:To explore the distribution of TCM constitution of middle-aged and elderly patients with cervical spondylosis in primary medical institutions in Beijing,and the differences in TCM constitutions of different types of cervical spondylosis,so as to provide data support and theoretical basis for the“preventive treatment of disease”work of cervical spondylosis at the grassroots level.Methods:A total of 135 patients with cervical spondylosis(the observation group)and 128 people without cervical spondylosis from January 1,2021 to June 30,2021 were selected as research subjects.The basic information,TCM constitution type,cervical spondylosis classification and other related information were obtained through face-to-face questionnaire survey.Results:The TCM constitution of middle-aged and elderly patients with cervical spondylosis is mainly biased constitution.There were statistical differences in balanced constitution,Yang(阳)deficiency constitution,and blood stasis constitution(P<0.05)between the groups,but there was no statistical difference in the other 6 constitution types between the groups(P>0.05).Among the patients with different types of cervical spondylosis,the patients with mixed cervical spondylosis were the most,followed by patients with cervical radiculopathy,neck type of cervical spondylosis,cervical myelopathy,and sympathetic cervical spondylosis.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Yang deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution are high-risk constitutions.The risks of developing cervical spondylosis are higher than other constitutions.Early intervention should be given.Health care for different types of cervical spondylosis can be carried out to achieve the purpose of curing the disease.