多种震级及其巧妙之处

Multiple magnitudes and their cleverness

震级是对地震大小的量度。在地震活动性分析等实际的工作中,人们通常认为“一个地震只有一个震级”。很多人会有这样的疑惑:为何使用多种震级?震级为何不能统一?在地震监测工作中,为何震级之间不能相互转换?为何同一地震的不同震级会有差别?多种震级该如何使用?本文讲述了震级的测定原理、震级的巧妙之处,并对上述等11个问题进行讨论,以便于科研人员和管理人员在实际工作中,准确地测定震级,正确地使用震级。

Magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake.In practical work such as seismic activity analysis,people usually think that an earthquake has only one magnitude.Many people will have such doubts:why use multiple magnitudes?Why magnitude can’t be unified?In earthquake monitoring,why magnitudes can’t be converted to each other?Why are different magnitudes of the same earthquake different?How to use multiple magnitudes?This paper describes the principle of magnitude determination and the cleverness of magnitude,and discusses the above 11 problems so that scientific researchers and managers can correctly determine and use magnitude in practical work.