不同种植方式和密度对茎用莴苣生长及产量的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Methods and Density on Growth and Yield of Stem Lettuce

为明确不同种植方式与密度对茎用莴苣生长及产量的影响,本研究通过测定不同种植方式及密度下茎用莴苣形态生长及产量相关性状的指标,为茎用莴苣在西宁地区高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,平畦+覆膜(A2)最有利于叶柄厚和肉质茎的伸长生长,同时对叶片和茎部干物质的积累及产量的增加效果最显著;25 cm×25 cm种植密度(B1)最有利于肉质茎的伸长,同时对叶宽、茎叶数生长的促进效果也较好;主成分及聚类分析结果表明,提取到的2个主成分中,主成分1为肉质茎主导产量因子(肉质茎粗,单茎重,单株重),主成分2为茎叶形态产量因子(叶长,叶宽,叶柄宽,茎叶数,茎部干物质),提取到的2个主成分的特征值均在1.5以上,累计贡献率达到81.781%。研究结果为高原地区茎用莴苣高产栽培和资源高效利用提供了理论指导。

In order to clarify the effects of different cultivation methods and planting densities on the growth and yield of lettuce,the morphological growth and yield related indicators of lettuce under different planting methods and densities were measured to provided a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of lettuce in Xining.The results showed that flat border+film mulching(A2)was the most conducive to the growth of petiole thickness and fleshy stem length,and at the same time had the most significant effect on the accumulation of dry matter in leaves and stems and the increase in yield.The cultivation density of B1(25 cm×25 cm)was the most conducive to the growth of fleshy stem length,and it also had a better effect on the growth of leaf width and number of stems and leaves.The results of principal component and cluster analysis showed that the extracted two principal components,principal component 1 was the dominant yield factor of fleshy stem(enlarged stem diameter,enlarged stem weight,weight per plant),and principal component 2 was stem and leaf morphological yield factor(leaf length,leaf width,petiole width,leaf number of cauline stem,stem dry matter).The characteristic values of the two principal components extracted were all above 1.5,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 81.781%.The results of this study provided theoretical guidance for the high-yield cultivation and resource efficient use of lettuce in plateau areas.