海南岛油茶种质资源叶片表型多样性分析

Leaves Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Tea-oil Camellia Germplasm in Hainan Island

海南油茶种质资源丰富,为挖掘海南油茶种质叶片表型变异,本研究对海南油茶主要分布区的33个居群叶片的8种表型性状进行数量遗传分析。结果表明:海南油茶叶片表型多样性极丰富,多样性指数均值为2.04,变幅为1.99~2.06;考察的叶片表型性状间相关性较强,主成分分析可将其概括成叶大因子、叶形因子和叶柄叶重因子;聚类分析把海南油茶33个居群划分为3个类群,类群Ⅰ主要来自海口周边市县,叶片特征为大宽叶片;类群Ⅱ主要来自海口市和五指山市,叶片特征为长叶片;类群Ⅲ几乎涵盖海南主要油茶分布区,叶片特征为小叶。本研究可为海南油茶种质资源评价和优良种质选育提供参考。

The tea-oil camellia germplasm in Hainan are rich.In order to explore the leaf phenotypic variation in Hainan tea-oil camellia germplasm,quantitative genetic analyses were conducted using eight phenotypic traits of the thirty-three populations in the main tea-oil camellia distribution area in Hainan.The results indicated that leaves phenotypic diversity of tea-oil camellia in Hainan was abundance,with Shannon-weaver diversity index mean 2.04and ranged from 1.99 to 2.06.Strong correlation were detected among the eight investigated phenotypic traits,which were further summarized as leaf large factor,leaf shape factor,and petiole-leaf-weight factor by principal component analysis.The thirty-three tea-oil camellia populations in Hainan were divided into three groups,which including the group Ⅰ characterized with large-wide leaves was mainly from those cities and counties around Haikou City,the group Ⅱ characterized with long leaves was mainly from Haikou City and Wuzhishan City,the group Ⅲ characterized with small leaves almost covered the main tea-oil camellia distribution area in Hainan.This study can provide references for the evaluation of tea-oil camellia germplasm resources in Hainan and excellent germplasm breeding in the future.