洋浦古树名木资源特征及测树因子相关性分析

Resource Characteristics and Measure Factors Correlation Analysis of Heritage Trees in Yangpu Economic Development Zone

古树名木是珍稀林木种质资源,为探明洋浦经济开发区古树名木资源储量,对该地区古树名木资源开展了首次系统调查,结合常规统计、地信分析、模型构建等方法,从树种分类、区系特征、树龄分级、生长状况、空间分布及测树因子相关性等方面进行了研究。结果表明:洋浦经济开发区分布有古树名木600株(含名木3株),隶属于12科16属20种,主要以桑科、苏木科、使君子科、八角枫科、桃金娘科和漆树科等为优势科,以榕属、酸豆属、鹊肾属等为优势属,以酸豆、鹊肾树、细叶榕、高山榕、垂叶榕等乡土树种为主,科、属的分布类型以泛热带分布型和变型为主,具有极其明显的热带区系特征;洋浦经济开发区古树名木树龄结构呈金字塔分布,三级古树(100~299年)占99.33%,即绝大多数为青年古树。该区域91.17%的古树名木生长旺盛,树势健壮。从空间分布格局看,洋浦经济开发区古树名木分布聚集度较高,密度为5.982株/km^(2),主要分布在三都区城乡结合村落、新英湾区和干冲区所辖社区居委会。以古树名木细叶榕为例,构建测树因子回归模型,分析发现树高、胸径、冠幅之间相互呈正相关关系。本研究从多角度全面分析了洋浦经济开发区古树名木资源状况,可为该地区古树名木保护、利用提供基础数据和科学参考。

Heritage tree s are rare forest germplasm resources,in order to prove the reserves of heritage trees germplasm resources in Yangpu Economic Development Zone,systematically investigation was carried out for the first time in this area,the species classification,areal-types characteristics,age structure,growing status,spatial distribution and correlation of measure factors of the heritage trees resources were analyzed by using a combined method of conventional statistics,GIS geoscience analysis and model building.The results showed that there were 600 heritage trees(including 3 famous trees)distributed in Yangpu Economic Development Zone,belonging to 12 families,16 genera and 20 species.The dominant families of these trees were Moraceae,Caesalpiniacea,Combretaceae,Alangiaceae,Anacardiaceae and Myrtaceae,the dominant genera are Ficus Linn,Tamarindus L.and Streblus lour..The native tree species included Tamarindus indica Linn.,Streblus asper Lour.,Ficus microcarpa L.f.,Ficus altissima Blume and Ficus benjamina L.The areal-type of the families and genera are mainly pantropical distribution type and variant,with extremely obvious tropical characteristics.The age structure of heritage trees in Yangpu Economic Development Zone is distributed in a pyramid,the number of third-class heritage trees(100~299 years)dominates 99.33% among the sum total,namely most of them are young heritage trees,and 91.17% of them are growing vigorously.From the spatial distribution pattern,the distribution of heritage trees in Yangpu Economic Development Zone is relatively high,with a density of 5.982 plants/km^(2).They are mainly distributed in urban and rural villages,community committees in Sandu District,Xinying Bay District and Ganchong District.Taking Ficus microcarpa L.f.as an example,the regression model about tree-measure factors was built,and modeling analysis found that the tree height,diameter and crown width were positively correlated with each other.The study comprehensively analyzes the resources of heritage trees in Yangpu Economic Development Zone from multiple perspectives,which can provide basic data and scientific reference for the conservation and utilization of heritage trees in this area.