园艺植物的栽培与养护技术研究进展

Research Progress on Cultivation and Maintenance Techniques of Horticultural Plants

园艺植物指为了美化或装饰而种植在公园、花园、庭院或室内的可供观赏的植物。园艺植物的种植和培育是园艺学的重要组成部分。大多数的小型园艺植物的种植是出于美学的目的,如花卉、大叶植物、香味植物等,当一些树木被用作花园或庭院装饰的一部分时,这些具有美学价值的树木可以称作“园艺树木”,这些树木的花、叶子、质感、形状和形态会具有特殊的美感。园艺树木还具有实际性的功能,如种植于街道两旁的行道树具有吸附灰尘和阻挡噪音的功效。许多城市在创建生态园林城市的过程中,出现种下容易,种活难,或者只栽不养等问题,致使园艺植物业可持续发展受到影响。本系统地论述了园艺植物的栽培与养护技术,为园艺植物的栽培,城市绿化改造提供参考,并提出有效的改善对策与发展前景,以期促进园林事业的稳定发展。

Horticult ural plants refer to ornamental plants planted in parks,gardens,courtyards or indoors for beautification or decoration.The cultivation and breeding of horticultural plants is an important part of horticulture.Most small horticultural plants are planted for aesthetic purposes,such as flowers,large leaf plants,fragrant plants,etc.When some trees are used as part of garden or courtyard decoration,these trees with aesthetic value can be called"horticultural trees",and the flowers,leaves,texture,shape and morphology of these trees will have a special aesthetic feeling.Gardening trees can also have practical functions,such as planting street trees on both sides of the street,which can absorb dust and block noise.In the process of establishing ecological garden cities,many cities have problems such as easy planting,difficult planting,or just planting without raising,which has affected the sustainable development of garden plant industry.This review systematically discusses the cultivation and maintenance technology of garden plants,provides reference for the cultivation of garden plants and urban greening transformation,and puts forward effective improvement countermeasures and development prospects,in order to promote the stable development of garden industry.