两种真实的交织碰撞——一个西南贫困地区民族村落的田野与日常

In Pursuit of Authenticity:Fieldwork and Everyday Life in an Ethnic Minority Village,Southwest Impoverished Areas

本真性是当前人类学界在民族文化、旅游、博物馆等领域讨论的一个热点话题。在广西壮族自治区乙丑村进行的田野调查发现,在人口、贫困、婚姻、时间感知等方面存在两种不同的真实:来自外部的文字、数字的真实与农民日常生活的真实之间既冲突、矛盾,又彼此影响、建构。本文没有纠结于哪一种真实更本真的问题,而是将二者都视为饱含人们的主观意愿与实践策略的社会文化建构,并以两种真实的交汇界面为对象,揭示它们之间产生不符的原因及其背后所隐含的当地民众日常行为逻辑,以呈现他们的生存样态。

Authenticity is a currently popular theme in the fields of ethnic cultures,tourism,and museology.In a re-visiting investigation on an ethnic minority village in Southwest impoverished areas in China,the authors faced two kinds of“authenticity”:those in texts,such as population statistics,local records,and files on poor households,and those performed in peasants’everyday life.These two kinds of“authenticity”intertwined,mutual-constructed,and conflicted with each other sometimes.Instead of taking a side with either“authenticity”,the authors take both as a social-cultural construction carrying individuals’agency and strategies.By paying close attention to the interface between them,the paper reveals how the“authenticities”are constructed and outlines the behavioral logic and the survival circumstances of the peasants.