从媒介考古学视角看中国政治传播——以农村大喇叭为例

The Political Communication in China from the Perspective of Media Archaeology: a Case Study of Rural Loudspeakers

在特定历史时期,农村大喇叭在中国政治传播中发挥着重要的传播、动员作用。中国农村地区的地理与社会属性、精神生活状况、当时中国信息技术的发展水平等宏观原因和大喇叭的自身优势的微观原因使大喇叭成为中国农村政治传播的重要手段。随着农村经济的发展、科技的进步,大喇叭的作用逐渐式微,而在疫情防控中又重新发挥了价值。以媒介考古学视角来看,农村大喇叭在政治信息传播中具有与政治联系紧密、服务对象明确、措辞表达具有地域特色等优势;也有易逝性、线性传播、符号单一等弊端,需取长补短,使媒介之间进行联动与融合,优化中国政治传播机制。

In a specific historical period,rural loudspeakers played an important role in communication and mobilization in China’s political communication. The geographical and social attributes of rural China,the economic form of rural China and the advantages of loudspeakers make loudspeakers become an important means of political communication in rural China. With the development of rural economy and the progress of science and technology,mobile clients have gradually “replaced”the loudspeakers,and they have returned to its value in the epidemic. From the perspective of media archaeology,rural loudspeakers have the advantages of close connection with political information dissemination,clear service object,and regional characteristics of wording and expression;they also have the disadvantages,such as perishable,linear transmission and single symbol,which need to learn from each other to link and integrate the media.