《著作权法》阅读障碍者条款解释论--兼及《马拉喀什条约》义务的全面履行

The Interpretation of the Copyright Act Dyslexic Provisions-And the Full Implementation of the Obligations of the Marrakesh Treaty

为批准《马拉喀什条约》,《著作权法》第三次修正几乎重写了适用于盲人等阅读障碍者的著作权限制制度,采用了许多新的表述。其中,“阅读障碍者”“能够感知的无障碍方式”以及“无法通过正常途径获取”等表述需根据《马拉喀什条约》的规定进行解释,而“提供”一词应进行沿革解释和体系解释,使其能够涵盖“复制”“发行”“向公众传播”“适应性改编”行为。基于《马拉喀什条约》的人权目标,并为充分发挥该条约“被授权实体”的制度价值,当前宜采用单行立法模式完成对“被授权实体”“无障碍格式版的跨境交换”以及政府提供公共信息和政策服务等其他条约内容的国内转化,从而在公共文化服务的大视野中更好保障阅读障碍者的基本文化权益。

In order to ratify the Marrakesh Treaty,the third amendment to the Copyright Act almost rewrote the copyright limitation regime applicable to people with print disabilities such as the blind,and introduced a number of new terms.The terms“persons with print disabilities”,“perceptibly accessible means”and“not accessible through normal means”need to be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of the Marrakesh Treaty,while the term“making available”should be interpreted both evolutionarily and systematically so that it may cover reproduction,distribution,dissemination to the public,adaptive adaptations.Based on the human rights objectives of the Marrakesh Treaty,and in order to give full play to the institutional value of the Treaty's“authorised entity”,we should give priority to the adoption of a single line of legislation to complete the domestic translation of other treaty provisions such as the“authorised entity”,the“cross-border exchange of accessible format copies”and the provision of public information and policy services by the government.So as to promote the realization of the basic cultural rights of persons with print disabilities in the context of public cultural services.