环状RNA翻译在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of circRNA translation in digestive system neoplasms

目的 总结环状RNA翻译机制的最新进展,并重点论述近年来环状RNA翻译在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展及临床应用前景,旨在为消化系统肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供思路。方法 检索环状RNA翻译及其在消化系统肿瘤中调控作用的相关文献,并作一综述。结果 作为非编码RNA家族的一员,环状RNA通常被认为难以作为翻译模板而编码蛋白。但随着生物信息学、二代测序、蛋白质组学、翻译组学等的快速发展,人们发现许多环状RNA分子能够以非帽子依赖的方式编码蛋白或多肽,并在消化系统肿瘤,包括胃癌、肝癌和结直肠癌的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。结论 环状RNA翻译功能在消化系统肿瘤的发生发展中具有重要调控作用,其翻译产物可能成为消化系统肿瘤新的诊断或治疗靶点,拥有极大的临床转化潜能。

Objective By summarizing the latest research progress of circRNA translation mechanism and reviewing the research progress of circRNA translation in various digestive system tumors, this paper is aiming to forecast the clinical application prospect of circular RNA translation and provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system neoplasms. Method The literatures on the translation of circRNA and its role in digestive system neoplasms were searched and reviewed. Results As a member of the non-coding RNA family, circRNAs are generally considered to be difficult to encode proteins as translation templates. With the rapid development of bioinformatics, next-generation sequencing, proteomics and translation omics, it has been found that many kinds of circRNAs can encode proteins or peptides in a cap-independent manner and play a critical role in the development of digestive system neoplasms, including gastric cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer. Conclusions The translation function of circRNA plays an important role in the development and progression of digestive system tumors, and its translation products may become new diagnostic or therapeutic targets for digestive system tumors, with great clinical transformation potential.