陆海统筹导向下区级海岸带规划路径方法探索——以厦门市翔安区海岸带为例

EXPLORATION ON COASTAL ZONE PLANNING PATH AT DISTRICT LEVEL UNDER LAND-SEA COORDINATION:THE CASE OF COASTAL ZONE OF XIANG’AN DISTRICT OF XIAMEN

在海岸带生态风险日益增加、国土空间规划体系改革的背景下,海岸带作为陆海生态系统交互作用的特殊空间,既是产业经济绿色转型的关键区域,也是生态环境突出问题的攻坚地带。由于缺乏陆海跨系统视角的规划管控与指引,海岸带地区出现生态环境污染、生态多样性锐减、山海通廊阻拦式开发、滨海公共空间界面私有化、海洋经济发展滞后等一系列问题。本文基于陆海统筹的发展目标,以厦门市翔安区海岸带为例,从生态保护角度出发,以生态环境、生态资源和生态空间等要素的保护和利用为基础,构建海岸带生态安全测评体系。通过生态底线划定、陆海空间管控、三生发展格局、实施保障细则四个方面展开案例城市海岸带规划方法的逻辑推演,提出“摸家底—划底线—严管控—定格局—促落实”的陆海统筹规划路径,研究对城市区级海岸带规划具备一定的普适性参考价值。

In the context of increasing ecological risks in the coastal zone and the reform of the territorial planning,the coastal zone,as a special space for the interaction of land and sea ecosystems,is a key area for green transformation of industrial economy,where ecological and environmental problems are prominent.Due to the lack of planning,control,and guidance from the perspective of land and sea coordination,a series of problems,such as pollution of ecological environment,sharp reduction of ecological diversity,unreasonable development of mountain and sea corridors,privatization of coastal public space interface,and lagging development of marine economy,have emerged in the coastal zone.Based on the overall development goal of land-sea coordination,this paper takes the coastal zone of Xiang’an District of Xiamen as a case study and establishes a coastal zone ecological security assessment system on the basis of the protection and utilization of ecological environment,ecological resources,and ecological space.It carries out the logical deduction of the coastal planning method of the case city from four aspects:ecological bottom line delimitation,land and sea space control,“ecological-production-living”space development pattern,and implementation guarantee rules.It then puts forward the planning path of land-sea coordination by“taking overall survey,drawing the border line,imposing restrictions,determining the pattern,and promoting implementation”.The study has a certain universal reference value for coastal zone planning at the urban district and county level.