我国城市更新中保障公共利益的制度探讨

A STUDY ON THE SYSTEM OF SAFEGUARDING PUBLIC INTERESTS IN URBAN REGENERATION IN CHINA

城市开发建设与更新中土地增值部分的利益分配机制,特别是公共利益保障机制,一直是制度设置的关键点。在缺乏土地增值二次分配机制的背景下,国内城市在更新过程中收取一定税费和部分土地、建筑空间来保障公共产品的提供,而这些在更新过程前端所产生的成本,几乎都体现为更新后端的城市空间容量增长。在我国城市已然经历了大规模空间生产的情况下,为避免更新中进一步推高空间容量,并能够切实有效地利用存量空间,研究梳理了多地城市更新中保障公共利益的路径,并结合北京典型地块的更新测算,探讨了公共利益保障与容量增长控制之间的制度优化路径。

The interests distribution mechanism of the value-added part during urban land development and regeneration,especially the public interests safeguard mechanism,has always been the key point of the system setting.In the absence of a secondary distribution mechanism of land appreciation,domestic cities charge certain taxes and fees,as well as part of land and building space to provide public goods during the regeneration process.These costs incurred at the beginning of the regeneration process are almost all reflected in the increase of urban space capacity at the end of the process.Under the situation that China’s cities have already experienced large-scale space production,in order to avoid further increasing the space capacity during the regeneration,and also to effectively utilize the stock-based space,this research summarizes the path of safeguarding public interests in urban regeneration of multiples cities,and analyzes the institutional optimization path between public interests safeguarding and capacity growth control,combined with the regeneration calculation of typical plot in Beijing.