电弧增材制造的热源光谱分析

Spectral analysis of heat source in arc additive manufacturing

针对电弧增材制造构件成形过程中的热量累积问题,利用光谱分析的方法计算了非熔化钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊(TIG)电弧增材热源的温度场。利用基于高速摄影的光谱采集系统获取增材电弧的特征谱强度分布,提出了基于标准温度法计算非对称增材电弧温度场的模型,并利用Boltzmann法对其进行了验证。结果表明两种方法的计算结果具有较好的一致性。增材电弧中焊丝减小了电弧单侧的半径,并造成电弧温度降低300 K左右;增材一层电弧中心温度达到19500 K,增材11层电弧中心温度达到18000 K;随着增材层数的增加,由于构件的热累积及构件形态的变化均使得产生带电粒子所需的能量减少,从而使得电弧产热减少,电弧温度逐渐降低。

Aiming at the problem of heat accumulation in the forming process of arc additive manufacturing components,the temperature field of arc additive heat source of non melting tungsten inert gas(TIG)arc welding was calculated by spectral analysis.The characteristic spectrum intensity distribution of additive arc was obtained by using the spectrum acquisition system based on high-speed photography.A model for calculating the temperature field of asymmetric additive arc based on the Fowler-Milne method was proposed,which was verified by Boltzmann method.The results show that the calculation results of the two methods are in good agreement.In the additive arc,the welding wire reduces the radius of one side of the arc and reduces the arc temperature by about 300 K.The arc center temperature of the first layer of additive reaches 19500 K,and the arc center temperature of the 11 th layer of additive reaches 18000 K.With the increase of the number of additive layers,the energy required to produce charged particles is reduced due to the heat accumulation of the component and the change of the component shape,so that the heat generation of the arc is reduced and the arc temperature is gradually reduced.