加计扣除政策能提升企业创新收益吗

Can R&D Expense Deduction Policy Improve the Innovation Income of Enterprises

创新收益是企业开展有效创新的动力来源。基于研发费用加计扣除政策的历次改革,设计了多个准自然实验,采用PSM-DID、DDD、多期准自然实验和单组前后测实验设计等多种方法,从企业创新链视角论证了加计扣除政策的创新收益效应。结果表明:(1)加计扣除政策能够激励企业创新投入和创新产出,但其创新收益效应较不明显;(2)相对于扩大政策适用范围,调整创新风险分担机制既可以激励企业开展创新活动,又能通过研发费用资本化处理方式提升企业创新成果质量和创新收益,理应受到更多重视;(3)进一步机制检验显示,创新成果质量而非市场转化效率是制约企业创新收益的主要因素。

Innovation income is the power source for enterprises to carry out effective innovation. Based on the previous reform practice, this paper studies the innovation income effect and its occurrence mechanism of R&D expense deduction policy. The results show that the R&D expense deduction policy can encourage enterprises to carry out innovation activities, but the innovation income is not obvious. Among them, compared with expanding the scope of policy application and increasing the proportion of the government’s sharing of innovation risks, it can not only increase innovation input and innovation output, but also enhance the innovation income of enterprises through the capitalization of innovation input, which deserves more attention. Through further examination, it is found that the quality of innovation rather than the efficiency of market transformation is an important factor restricting the income of enterprise innovation. Therefore, reforming the risk-sharing mechanism, especially strengthening the capitalization of R&D investment, and perfecting the policy system of scientific and technological innovation are important aspects to encourage enterprises to innovate effectively.