意大利民法典评注:历史、结构与功能

Commentary on the Italian Civil Code: History, Structure and Function

意大利的法典评注从外在形式上可以分为超大型、大型、中型以及小型评注,各类法典评注在理论和实践中发挥着重要作用。历史上,受到德国法典评注文化的影响,意大利的法典评注从单纯的文本注释转向采用潘德克顿的体系方法。除法典评注外,大型教科书与法学百科全书在意大利也是十分重要的法学文献体例。因此从比较法的角度看,法典评注在意大利法律文化中的重要性介于德法两国之间。一方面,法典评注被认为是沟通理论与实践的工具,在法学理论、实务判决以及立法层面发挥着重要作用,但另一方面,相比于专著,法典评注也被认为缺少原创性。随着法学出版物种类日益增多,法典评注这一文献体例日渐受到挑战。

Italian code commentaries can be divided externally into super-large,large,medium,and small commentaries,with each type of code commentary playing an important role in theory and practice.Historically,influenced by the culture of German code commentaries,Italian code commentaries shifted from a purely textual exegesis to Pandekten systematic method.In addition to code commentaries,large textbooks and encyclopedias of legal science are also very important forms of legal science documents in Italy.Thus,from the perspective of Rechtsvergleichung,the importance of Italian code commentaries lies somewhere between that of Germany and France in Italian legal culture.On the one hand,the commentaries are considered to be an optimal tool for bridging theory and practice,playing an important role in legal theory,practical judgment and legislation,but on the other hand,they are less original than monographs.With the increasing number of legal science publications,code commentary is increasingly challenged.