妊娠晚期孕妇抑郁与焦虑情绪共存现状及影响因素研究

Co-existence of Depression and Anxiety in Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解孕妇在妊娠晚期抑郁与焦虑情绪共存现状及其影响因素,为孕妇人群情绪问题早识别早干预提供参考。方法2018年10月至2019年2月,采用便利抽样选择广东省6所三级甲等医院门诊产检妊娠晚期孕妇503例为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式问卷对其调查。结果妊娠晚期孕妇抑郁伴焦虑情绪发生率为30.22%。不同居住地、职业、学历(孕妇)、家庭月收入、应对方式的孕妇,抑郁伴焦虑情绪发生率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);是否发生抑郁伴焦虑的孕妇,其社会支持总分(t=3.679,P<0.001)、客观支持得分(t=3.397,P=0.001)的差异均有统计学意义。家庭月收入低、消极应对是妊娠晚期孕妇抑郁焦虑情绪共存的危险因素(OR=2.030、2.346、2.068);客观支持是其保护因素(OR=0.948)。结论妊娠晚期孕妇抑郁伴焦虑情绪发生率较高,抑郁焦虑情绪共存孕妇比单纯抑郁孕妇更倾向消极应对方式,客观支持水平更低,应重视妊娠晚期孕妇负性情绪的早识别早干预。

Objective To investigate the co-existence of depression and anxiety in pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy and its influencing factors,and to provide a reference for early identification and early intervention of emotional problems in pregnant women.Methods From October 2018 to February 2019,the pregnant women in the third trimester of outpatient clinics in 3 tertiary A hospitals in 6 cities in Guangdong province were selected by the convenience sampling method.A survey was conducted with the basic data questionnaire,self-rating depression scale,self-rating anxiety scale,social support rating scale,and simple coping style questionnaire.Results The incidence of depression and anxiety in the third trimester pregnant women was 30.22%.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of depression and anxiety among pregnant women with different places of residence,occupations,educational background,family monthly income and coping styles(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the total score of social support(t=3.679,P<0.001)and objective support score(t=3.397,P=0.001)among the pregnant women with depression and anxiety.Low monthly family income and negative coping were risk factors for the co-existence of depression and anxiety in the third trimester of pregnancy(OR=2.030,2.346,2.068).Objective support was the protective factor(OR=0.948).Conclusions The co-existence rate of depression and anxiety in pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy is high.Pregnant women with depression and anxiety are more likely to cope with negative coping styles and have lower levels of objective support.Early identification and early intervention of negative emotions in late pregnancy should be emphasized.