精神分裂症患者积极度的潜在类别与药物依从性的关系

Relationship Between the Latent Categories of Positivity and Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者积极度的潜在类别及药物依从性上的差异,为制订针对性干预方案提供实证依据。方法2021年12月至2022年4月,采用方便抽样法选取黑龙江省某精神专科医院的门诊患者220名为研究对象,采用患者积极度量表(patient activation measure,PAM)和药物依从性量表(medication adherence rating scale,MARS)进行调查。对精神分裂症患者的积极度特征进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素分析、二元Logistic回归比较不同类别患者在人口学变量和药物依从性上的差异。结果精神分裂症患者积极度类别分为被动依从型(52.7%)和相对自主型(47.3%)2类。不同积极度类别的精神分裂症患者在年龄、户口类型、文化程度、职业状态、家庭人均月收入、药物不良反应、病程、初始治疗延迟时间、复发次数、MARS得分上的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。文化程度、初始治疗延迟时间、复发次数及MARS得分是精神分裂症患者积极度潜在类别的独立预测因子(均P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者的积极度存在2种潜在类别,应依据不同类别患者的特征制定针对性干预策略,并在提高积极度、改善药物依从性方面给予被动依从型患者更多关注。

Objective To explore the potential categories of positivity and medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia,and to provide a basis for targeted intervention plans in clinical settings.Methods From December 2021 to April 2022,220 outpatients from a psychiatric hospital in Heilongjiang province were selected by the convenience sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted with patient activation measure(PAM)and medication adherence rating scale(MARS).The characteristics of positivity in schizophrenia patients were analyzed by potential profile analysis,and the differences in demographic variables and medication compliance among different categories of patients were compared by univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression.Results The analysis showed that 2 latent categories emerged,namely,passive compliance group(52.7%)and relative autonomy group(47.3%).Different types of patients had significant differences in age,household,education level,occupation status,family per capita monthly income,drug side effects,course of disease,delay time of initial treatment,recurrence times,and MARS score(all P<0.05).Conclusions There are two latent categories of positive degree in patients with schizophrenia.Targeted intervention strategies should be formulated according to the characteristics of different categories of patients,and more attention should be paid to patients with passive compliance in improving positive degree and drug compliance.