阿富汗女性发展问题探析

The Development of Women in Afghanistan:Retrospect and Prospect

女性地位的提升是人类文明进步的体现,然而在许多欠发达地区女性发展问题仍然严峻。20世纪90年代,阿富汗塔利班填补苏联撤军后的权力真空并建立政权,借伊斯兰教法之名推行严苛的法律法规,其中的“性别隔离政策”严重损害了阿富汗女性的权益。2021年塔利班再度掌权,极力展现温和、包容、开放等形象,宣称要“解放女性”。阿富汗女性发展问题势必成为塔利班融入当今世界体系的关键问题,也是其走向政治成熟的重大挑战。美式民主改造失败的事实证明,阿富汗社会结构和文化具有“自我保护”的特性,女性发展的未来在于找到一条符合自身文化的道路。

The status improvement of women marks the progress of civilization.However,the problem of women is still serious in many underdeveloped regions.In the 1990s,the Afghan Taliban filled the power vacuum after the withdrawal of the Soviet Union and established a regime.They implemented strict laws and regulations in the name of Sharia law,within which the“gender segregation policy”seriously damaged the rights and interests of Afghan women.In 2021,the Taliban regained control of the country.Claiming to“liberate women”,the Taliban tried to show a moderate,inclusive and open image.The development of women in Afghanistan is bound to become a key issue for the Taliban to integrate into today's world system,and also a major challenge for the Taliban for their political maturity.The failure of American-style democratic transformation proves that Afghanistan's social structure and culture are intrinsically“self-protective”,and the future of Afghan women's development lies in finding a path that fits their own culture.