一号灵芝航天诱变菌株的筛选与鉴定

Screening and Identification of A Space Mutation Strain of Ganoderma Lucidum

将一号灵芝搭载“长征五号B”运载火箭进入太空进行诱变处理,经过分离纯化,共培养得到7株诱变菌株。对一号灵芝出发菌株及其7株航天诱变菌株进行拮抗试验、形态学特征的初步筛选,通过出菇试验验证出发菌株及其诱变菌株的出菇情况,进行分子生物学鉴定和同源性分析,再测试菌株菌丝体液体发酵产总三萜的能力,最终获得一株原种菌丝生长速度较快,且具有高产总三萜能力的诱变菌株L3。与出发菌株相比,诱变菌株L3的原种菌丝生长速度为(9.02±0.21)mm/d,比出发菌株节省了15.49%的生长时间,其菌丝体总三萜得率为2.40%,显著高于出发菌株2.27%。经鉴定,诱变菌株L3和出发菌株L0之间遗传距离近,判断为一号灵芝的诱变株。研究结果为今后药用真菌航天诱变育种研究提供了参考,并为一号灵芝三萜相关产品的开发和应用提供了优良的新菌株。

After entering space with the“Long March-5B”carrier rocket,the mutagenesis of Ganoderma lucidum No.1 had been performed normally.After separating and purifying,there were 7 mutagenesis strains were obtained by cultivation.Through performing antagonistic test and initial screening of morphological characteristics of original strain of Ganoderma lucidum No.1 and its 7 space mutagenesis strains,and verifying mushroom fruiting status of original strain and its mutagenesis strains by mushroom fruiting test to perform molecular biological identification and homology analysis,as well as testing the capability of producing total triterpenes by liquid fermentation of mycelium,there was a mutagenesis strains L3 that obtained finally,featured by rapid growth of original mycelium and high yield of total triterpenes.Compared with original strain,original mycelium growth speed of mutagenesis strains L3 was(9.02±0.21)mm/d,which saved 15.49% of growth days than original mycelium.Total triterpenes yield of mutagenesis strains L3 mycelium was 2.40%,which was significantly higher 2.27% than original strain.After identification,the genetic distance between mutagenesis strains L3 and original strain L0 was close,and was judged as mutagenesis strain of Ganoderma lucidum No.1.The research provides a reference for future study on space mutagenesis breeding of medicinal fungi,and provides an excellent new strain for the development and application of related products of total triterpenes of Ganoderma lucidum No.1.