抗新型冠状病毒中和抗体研究现状及展望

Current Status and Prospect of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

中和抗体是一种卓越的抗病毒“特效药”,在对抗新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中被寄予厚望,然而新冠病毒变异株不断出现,完全或者部分逃逸了中和抗体,显著降低了中和抗体的抗病毒作用。本文综述了当前新冠中和抗体的研发现状,重点阐明了这些抗体的作用靶点、机制以及分类特征等;并在新冠病毒变异株全球大流行的背景下,探讨中和抗体面临的严峻挑战和未来可能的发展方向,旨在为研发更加广谱中和抗体对抗病毒突变提供重要思路。

Neutralizing antibody(nAb)is a kind of excellent drug to fight against the virus infection,which is considered as a good candidate for preventing and controlling the COVID-19.However,with the emerging of various variants,SARS-CoV-2 totally or partially escapes the neutralization of nAbs,largely reducing their antiviral effects.In this review,we summarize the current status of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs,focusing on their binding epitopes,neutralizing mechanisms,and classification features.Meanwhile,we discuss the stark challenge faced by nAbs under the global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the possible developments of nAbs in future,with the aim of providing some important options to design the next-generation broader nAbs against the SARS-CoV-2 mutation and evolution.