油橄榄果渣抗氧化部位化学成分的研究

Chemical components of antioxidant extract in Olea europaea pomace

为了开展油橄榄果渣中主要抗氧化活性成分的研究,该文通过1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基(DPPH·)法测定了油橄榄果渣不同提取部位清除DPPH·的能力,并采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法对抗氧化活性部位的化合物进行分离,同时运用核磁共振波谱等方法鉴定了化合物的结构。结果表明:(1)油橄榄果渣的乙酸乙酯部位具有显著的抗氧化活性,其清除DPPH·的半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))为119.11μg·mL^(-1)。(2)从该活性部位分离得到17个化合物,分别鉴定为没食子酸(1)、羟基酪醇(2)、原儿茶酸(3)、酪醇(4)、儿茶素(5)、香草酸(6)、咖啡酸(7)、香草醛(8)、丁香酸(9)、木犀草苷(10)、橄榄苦苷(11)、丁香酚(12)、槲皮素(13)、木犀草素(14)、芦丁(15)、山楂酸(16)、齐墩果酸(17)。其中,化合物1、6、7、9、15为首次从油橄榄果渣中分离得到。该研究明确了油橄榄果渣的抗氧化物质基础,为油橄榄果渣进一步的高值化利用提供了科学依据。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the main antioxidant active components in Olea europaea pomace.The antioxidant abilities of different extracts from O.europaea pomace was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical(DPPH·)scavenging method.Furthermore,the antioxidant compounds were extracted with solvents,isolated by various column chromatography(silica gel,ODS and Sephadex LH-20),and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum(NMR).The results were as follows:(1)The ethyl acetate extracts of O.europaea pomace exhibited potent antioxidant activity,characterized with half-inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))at 119.11μg·mL^(-1) to scavenge DPPH·.(2)Seventeen compounds,gallic acid(1),hydroxytyrosol(2),protocatechuic acid(3),tyrosol(4),catechin(5),vanillic acid(6),caffeic acid(7),vanillin(8),syringic acid(9),cynaroside(10),oleuropein(11),eugenol(12),quercetin(13),luteolin(14),rutin(15),maslinic acid(16),oleanolic acid(17),were isolated from the antioxidant parts of O.europaea pomace.Among them,compounds 1,6,7,9,and 15 were isolated from O.europaea pomace for the first time.The study identify the material basis of O.europaea pomace against oxidative stress,which provides a reference for its development and high-value application.