SOLO分类理论指导下的试题分析与教学策略——以“2021年全国甲卷物理实验试题”为例

ANALYSIS OF TEST QUESTIONS AND TEACHING STRATEGIES UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF SOLO CLASSIFICATION THEORY——TAKE “NATIONAL VOLUME A PHYSICS EXPERIMENT TEST IN 2021” AS AN EXAMPLE

SOLO分类理论把学生思维结构由浅到深分为前结构层次、单点结构层次、多点结构层次、关联结构层次、抽象扩展结构层次,其中前三个层次体现“量”的积累,后两个层次追求“质”的提升。在SOLO分类理论指导下,构建SOLO层次与科学探究水平的对应关系,分析“2021年全国甲卷物理实验试题”,并提出四点教学策略,即用“一量多选”突破单点结构试题,用“原理为本”突破多点结构试题,用“以点带面”突破关联结构试题,用“方法中心”突破抽象扩展结构试题。

SOLO classification theory divides students’ thinking structure from shallow to deep into pre structure level, single point structure level, multi-point structure level, correlation structure level and abstract expansion structure level. The first three levels reflect the accumulation of “quantity”, and the latter two levels pursue the improvement of “quality”. Under the guidance of SOLO classification theory, this paper constructs the corresponding relationship between SOLO level and scientific inquiry level, analyzes the “national physics experiment questions in volume a in 2021”, and puts forward four teaching strategies, that are, breaking through single point structure questions with “one quantity and multiple choices”, breaking through multi-point structure questions with “principle based”, breaking through correlation structure questions with “point to area”, and breaking through the abstract extended structure test questions with “method center”.