三七主根皂苷组分含量与生态因子的关系

Relationships between saponin component contents in Panax notoginseng taproot and ecological factors

为探究生态因子对三七[Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen]主根皂苷组分的影响,明确影响三七皂苷组分的主导因子,采用相关、逐步回归、通径和决策等分析方法逐层剖析,阐明三七主根皂苷组分含量与生态因子的数量关系。结果表明:三七主根三七皂苷R1含量与土壤pH、纬度、7月均温呈显著负相关,其中土壤pH、纬度是其主要决定性因子,7月平均温是其主要限制因子;三七主根人参皂苷Rg含量主要受1月最低温、7月最高温和纬度的制约,其中以1月最低温影响最大;三七主根人参皂苷Rb1含量主要受大气湿度和主根钙含量的影响,这两者均为其决定性因子;三七主根总皂苷含量主要受1月最低温、纬度、主根钙含量、主根铜含量的影响。研究表明,三七主根总皂苷含量以及各皂苷组分含量具有明显的地域特征,较高的1月低温、大气湿度、土壤钙含量,较低的纬度、7月平均温是获得三七主根高皂苷含量的关键。

This study explored the effect of ecological factors on saponin components in the taproot of Panax notoginseng and determined the primary factors that affect saponin components in the taproot.The quantitative relationships between saponin component contents in the taproot of P.notoginseng and ecological factors were studied using comprehensive research methods of correlation,stepwise regression,path analysis,and decision analysis.The content of notoginsenoside Rin the taproot of P.notoginseng was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH,latitude,and mean temperature in July.Soil pH and latitude were the major determining factors,whereas mean temperature in July was the key limiting factor.The content of ginsenoside Rgin the taproot of P.notoginseng was mainly restricted by the minimum temperature in January,maximum temperature in July,and latitude,among which the minimum temperature in January had the greatest effect.The content of ginsenoside Rbin the taproot of P.notoginseng was mainly affected by atmospheric humidity and taproot Ca content,both of which were decisive factors.The total saponin content in the taproot of P.notoginseng was mainly affected by minimum temperature in January,latitude,and taproot Ca and Cu content.The contents of total saponins and saponin components in the taproot of P.notoginseng exhibited regional characteristics.The key to obtaining high saponin contents in the taproot of P.notoginseng is to increase the low temperature in January,atmospheric humidity,and soil Ca content and to decrease the latitude and mean temperature in July within a certain range.