不同农业土地利用方式对土壤养分含量分布影响及养分等级评价

Effects of Different Agricultural Land Use Patterns on Soil Nutrient Content Distribution and Nutrient Ranking Evaluation

文章以三种农业土地利用方式下的土壤为研究对象,分别测定其有机质、水解氮、全钾、有效磷及全磷含量,分析不同土地利用方式对土壤养分含量分布特征影响。在0~50cm土层中,土壤有机质和土壤全磷含量平均值均表现为:旱田>水稻田>撂荒地;土壤水解氮含量表现为:水稻田(257.76±11.75mg/kg)>旱田(135.80±17.60mg/kg)>撂荒地(62.07±6.89mg/kg);土壤全钾含量表现为:撂荒地(38.22±6.85g/kg)>旱田(37.79±7.64g/kg)>水稻田(29.03±4.77g/kg);土壤全磷含量表现为:旱田(1.25±0.39g/kg)>水稻田(1.13±0.35g/kg)>撂荒地(1.10±0.20g/kg)。土壤养分等级评价结果表明:研究区土壤有机质在旱田土壤中处于中上水平,土壤水解氮在水稻田土壤中处于极丰富状态,三种农业土地利用方式下土壤全钾和全磷均处于极丰富水平,而有效磷均处于不足状态。因此,应适当采取措施调整该区土壤氮磷比例,提高土壤有效磷含量。

Soils under three agricultural land use practices were studied to determine their organic matter,hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available phosphorus and total phosphorus contents, and to analyze the effects of different land use practices on the distribution characteristics of soil nutrient contents. In the 0-50 cm soil layer, the average values of soil organic matter and total phosphorus content are as follows: dry field >paddy field > barren field;Hydrolysis nitrogen content is as follows: paddy field(257.76±11.75 mg/kg) > dry field(135.80±17.60 mg/kg) > barren field(62.07±6.89 mg/kg);Total potassium content is as follows: barren field(38.22±6.85g/kg) > dry field(37.79±7.64g/kg) > paddy field(29.03±4.77g/kg);Total phosphorus content showes: dry field(1.25±0.39g/kg) > paddy field(1.13±0.35g/kg) > barren field(1.10±0.20g/kg). The results of soil nutrient ranking evaluation show that soil organic matter in the study area is above average in dry field soils, hydrolysis nitrogen is extremely abundant in paddy soils, and soil total potassium and total phosphorus are extremely abundant in all three agricultural land use methods, while available phosphorus is deficient in all of them. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to adjust the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio in this area and increase the soil available phosphorus content.