浅谈南极半岛系统保护规划的背景、进展与启示

Brief discussion on the background, progress and enlightenment of systematic conservation plan for the antarctic peninsula

南极地区的管理与规划问题备受国际社会关注,南极国际组织提议可应用系统保护规划方法来保护生态系统与管理人类活动。南极半岛系统保护规划是南极空间管理的最新实践,旨在为南极半岛地区旅游、科学考察和生物多样性保护的可持续管理提供可量化的、基于证据的综合解决方案。本文全面阐述了系统保护规划的基本涵义、工作流程与全球实践,介绍了南极半岛系统保护规划项目产生的背景,并从收集特征基线数据、识别保护目标、确定决策支持工具与利益相关者公共参与4个方面分析了项目的主要内容,以期为我国南极旅游、南极国际组织参与度与南极空间治理等南极重要工作带来有益借鉴与重要启示。

The issue of Antarctic management and planning has attracted great attention of the international community. The Antarctic international organizations have proposed that the approach of systematic conservation planning(SCP) can be applied to protect the Antarctic ecosystem and manage human activities in the region. A SCP for the Antarctic Peninsula is the latest practice in Antarctic spatial management in order to provide quantifiable, evidence-based and integrated solutions for the sustainable management of tourism, scientific expedition and biodiversity conservation in the Antarctic Peninsula. This paper comprehensively expounds the fundamental concept, primary stages and global practices of the SCP, introduces the project background, and analyzes the main content from collecting baseline data, identifying conservation goals, determining decision support tools and involving various stakeholders. This research aims to bring useful reference and important enlightenment for China’s Antarctic tourism, participation of Antarctic international organizations and Antarctic spatial governance.