工作竞争与文化差异:美国非裔与亚裔的族裔矛盾(1860—1924)

The Ethnic Conflict between African Americans and Asian Americans(1860-1924)

族裔矛盾是美国史研究领域中长期关注的重要课题。不过,迄今为止,大多数学者主要关注白人社会对有色人种的歧视,鲜有探讨少数族裔之间关系的著作,令我们无法看到美国历史上种族关系的完整画面,甚至会误认为美国的种族关系就是“白种对有色人种”的二元对立关系。19世纪60年代到20世纪20年代,非洲裔以本土人、基督徒和美国公民的身份对亚裔抱着排斥态度。两个族裔之间的工作竞争固然是导致非裔排斥亚裔的直接原因,但白人社会将中、日移民打造成文化上的“他者”也助长了非裔的排亚情绪。

Racial tensions were always a significant topic in the studies of the political,economic and social life in the United States.Numerous works have been devoted to the discussions on the relationship between the broader white society and the racial minorities,especially the discrimination against the latter.Regrettably,there were scarce studies on the relations among the racial minorities,for example,between Asian and African Americans.Wittingly or unwittingly,traditional scholarship left people with the impression that race relations in America were of a binary nature,for example,between the whites and the people of colour.