阿登纳时期联邦德国对民主德国的经济政策(1949-1963)

The Economic Policy of Federal Republic of Germany towards German Democratic Republic during the Adenauer Administration(1949-1963)

1949年至1963年,受美苏冷战和阿登纳政府“实力政策”的影响,联邦德国对民主德国的经济政策存在明显的矛盾性。一方面,联邦德国秉持“一个德国”原则,主动同民主德国进行贸易,以此作为连接德国两部分的纽带,同时用于保障西柏林经济安全。1953年“6·17”事件发生后,联邦德国还向民主德国提供经济援助来缓和关系。另一方面,联邦德国又在同民主德国的贸易中设置一些限制,还以经济制裁来应对苏联和民主德国对西柏林通道的干扰。虽然阿登纳政府对民主德国的经济政策旨在缓和两德间的政治对立,然而经济限制、经济制裁又不可避免地削弱了它的“缓和”功能。

From 1949 to 1963,under the influence of the U.S.-Soviet Cold War and the Adenauer Administration’s’policy of strength’,the economic policy of Federal Republic of Germany(FRG)towards German Democratic Republic(GDR)was characterised by contradictory features.On the one hand,based on the principle of’One Germany’,FRG actively carried out trade with GDR as a link between two Germanys and made use of it to ensure the economic security of West Berlin.After the event of 17 June 1953,FRG also provided economic aid for GDR to ease relations between two Germanys.On the other hand,FRG imposed some restrictions on the trade with GDR and also used economic sanctions to deal with the interference on the access to West Berlin by the Soviet Union and GDR.