石家庄地下水中喹诺酮类抗生素生态风险及其与环境因子的相关性

Ecological Risk Assessment of Quinolones Antibiotics and the Correlation Analysis Between QNs and Physical-Chemical Parameters in Groundwater,Shijiazhuang City

国内外地下水抗生素的研究主要集中于抗生素的污染特征,而较少关注地下水中抗生素的生态风险及其与环境因子的相关性.鉴于此,选取石家庄市地下水环境为研究对象,应用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(HPLC-MS)分析地下水中典型抗生素——喹诺酮类(QNs)浓度,研究QNs抗生素的生态风险,并建立QNs浓度与典型环境因子的相关性.结果表明:①石家庄地下水中QNs抗生素以环丙沙星(CIP)、依诺沙星(ENO)和氟甲喹(FLU)为主,其检出率分别为75.0%、80.0%和100%;②QNs抗生素浓度范围为3.02~98.5 ng·L^(-1);就空间分布而言,QNs浓度在S4处最高(98.5 ng·L^(-1)),而在S19处最低(3.02 ng·L^(-1));③相关性分析结果表明,温度(T)、化学需氧量(COD)、总溶解固体(TDS)、菌落总数(BCTC)和pH与QNs相关性显著(P<0.01或P<0.05);④就生态风险的空间分布特征而言,S4为高风险区,其余各点为中低风险区;就QNs抗生素种类而言,除CIP处于中高风险水平,其余QNs处于中低风险水平.鉴于此,为了保障石家庄地下水环境安全,需进一步加强地下水中抗生素的风险管控.

Most studies on antibiotics in groundwater have focused on pollution characteristics,whereas less attention has been paid to the ecological risks of antibiotics and the correlation to environmental parameters.In this study,the groundwater in Shijiazhuang City was selected as the research area.Through high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS),the concentration of quinolones(QNs)in the groundwater was analyzed.Correlation analysis was conducted between QNs concentrations and physical-chemical parameters.The results showed that:①the detection frequency of flumequine(FLU)was the highest(100%),followed by enoxacin(ENO)(80.0%)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)(75.0%).②The concentration of QNs ranged from 3.02 to 98.5 ng·L^(-1);in terms of spatial distribution,the highest concentration of QNs appeared at S4(98.5 ng·L^(-1)),whereas the lowest concentration was exhibited at S19(3.02 ng·L^(-1)).③Temperature(T),chemical oxygen demand(COD),total dissolved solids(TDS),total number of colonies(BCTC),and pH were significantly correlated with QNs(P<0.01 or P<0.05)based on correlation analysis.④For the spatial distribution of ecological risk,the results showed that the ecological risk at S4 was high,whereas the risks for other sites were low.For the type of QNs,ciprofloxacin(CIP)was at a medium-high risk level,whereas the other QNs were at a low-risk level.Thus,in order to guarantee the ecological safety of groundwater in Shijiazhuang City,more attention should be paid to the risk management and control of antibiotics in groundwater in the future.