创新型城市建设、营商环境与城市创业

Innovative City Construction,Business Environment and Urban Entrepreneurship

基于2003-2018年全国261个城市的面板数据,采用多期双重差分法评估创新型城市建设对城市创业的政策效应。结果发现:创新型城市建设能够促进城市创业,且促进作用逐年加深;创新型城市试点对临接、周边城市的创业水平具有正向扩散效应,对经济水平类似城市的创业水平具有负向虹吸效应;营商环境是创新型城市创业效应发挥的潜在通路,创新型城市建设能够通过降低企业税收负担、改善市场化水平、金融发展水平与技术创新水平进而提升试点城市的创业水平;创新型城市建设的创业效应受城市特质的影响,中西部城市的政策效应强于东部城市,大规模城市的政策效应强于中、小规模城市,重点城市政策效应强于一般城市。

Based on the panel data of 261 cities in China from 2003 to 2018, the multi-stage double difference method is used to evaluate the impact of innovative city policies on entrepreneurship. Results show that the construction of innovative city can promote entrepreneurship, and the promoting effect is deepened year by year. The pilot policy has a positive impact on the entrepreneurship of neighboring cities and surrounding cities, but it has an inhibitory siphonic effect on the entrepreneurship of cities with similar economies. Business environment is a potential channel for the entrepreneurial effect of innovative cities.The pilot policy can enhance the entrepreneurial ability by improving the business environment of tax burden, marketization level, financial development and technological innovation. The entrepreneurial effect of innovative city construction is affected by the characteristics of cities, central and western cities are stronger than eastern cities, large cities are stronger than small and medium-sized cities, and key cities are stronger than ordinary cities.