甘蓝型油菜种质群体6个农艺性状变异及相关性分析

Variation and Correlation Analysis of Six Agronomic Traits in Brassica napus Germplasm Population

为了获得更多表型变异丰富的油菜资源,本研究以源自全国38个油菜生产地区的128份甘蓝型油菜品系为材料,通过测定这些品系在2020年贵阳生态环境下的株高、角果粒数、角果长度、一次有效分枝数、主花序长度和主花序角果数,利用SPSS软件进行表型变异分析、特异值分析和相关性分析,以明确这些材料的表型变异丰度,并筛选特异性种质。结果表明:128份材料在6个农艺性状上的变异系数范围为2.33%~25.76%,变异幅度大小为:主花序角果数>角果长度>角果粒数>一次有效分枝数>株高>主花序长度。特异值分析发现,128份材料在6个性状上的极端变异品系数量大小为:主花序角果数>主花序长度>株高和角果粒数>一次有效分枝数>角果长度。相关性分析表明,株高与角果粒数、角果长度、主花序长度、主花序角果数的相关系数为0.953~0.982,呈显著正相关,而与一次有效分枝数的相关系数为0.01,无显著相关性。综合所有分析结果,本研究共筛选到极端变异材料共16份,并获得株高适中、农艺性状表现较好、产量潜力较大的宜机化油菜品系1份。本研究结果为培育油菜高产新品种和开展基础研究奠定基础。

In order to obtain more rapeseed resources rich in phenotypic variation.128 Brassica napus lines from 38 rapeseed production areas in China were used as materials in this study.The plant height(PH),number of seeds per pod(NSP),pod length(PL),number of primary effective branches(NPEB),length of main inflorescence(LMI)and pod number of main inflorescence(PNMI)of these lines planted in Guiyang in 2020 were measured.The phenotypic variation analysis,outlier analysis and correlation analysis were carried out using SPSS software to clarify the abundance of these materials and screen specific germplasm.The results showed that the coefficients of variation of the 128 lines on 6 agronomic traits ranged from 2.33%to 25.76%,and the variation abundance was in descending order:PNMI>PL>NSP>NPEB>PH>LMI.Outlier analysis showed that the number of extreme variation lines in 6 traits of 128 materials was in descending order:PNMI>LMI>PH and NSP>NPEB>PL.The correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between plant height and silique grain number,silique length,main inflorescence length,and main inflorescence silique number ranged from 0.953 to 0.982,with a significant positive correlation,while the correlation coefficient with the number of effective branches at one time was 0.01,which showed no significant correlation.Based on all the above analysis results,a total of 16 extreme variation lines were screened in this study,and 1 rapeseed line suitable for mechanization with moderate plant height,good agronomic performance and high yield potential was obtained.The results of this study lay a foundation for cultivating new high-yield varieties of rapeseed and conducting more in-depth theoretical research.