植保无人机施药对烟田节肢动物群落的影响

Effects of Spraying Insecticide by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on Arthropod Community in the Tobacco Field

为了探讨无人机施药方式对烟田节肢动物群落的影响,从而为害虫综合防治提供参考,本研究设置无人机施药、人工喷雾器施药和无人机清水对照3个处理,分析了不同处理下烟田节肢动物群落的特征值和主要昆虫种群数量减退率。结果表明:施药后烟田节肢动物群落的物种数变化不显著,但个体数显著下降;处理组和对照组的种群丰富度、多样性和均匀度在施药前后虽略有变化,但差异不显著;无人机施药和人工喷雾器施药两种方式均可显著降低烟蚜种群数量,对烟盲蝽的种群数量也有一定的控制作用。综上所述,无人机施药方式对烟田节肢动物群落的各项指标均无显著性影响,但是对烟田主要害虫具有较好的防治效果,无人机具有节省人力以及减少污染等优势,因此,利用无人机施药可广泛应用于烟田有害生物的综合防治。

In order to investigate the effect of spraying insecticide by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) on the arthropod community in the tobacco field, providing reference for integrated pest management, this study set three treatments in the tobacco field: spraying insecticide by UAV,spraying insecticide by artificial sprayer and spraying water by UAV,and then analyzed the characters of arthropod community and population decline rate of main insects.The results showed that the application of insecticide did not change the species number of arthropod community but significantly decreased the individual number.The population richness, diversity and evenness of the treatment group and the control group changed slightly before and after spraying insecticide, but there were no significant differences.Both the application of insecticide by UAV and artificial sprayer could significantly reduce the population of Myzus persicae,and also suppress the population of Nesidiocoris tenuis to a certain extent.In conclusion, spraying insecticide by UAV had no significant effect on the index of arthropod community, but also caused a good control effect on tobacco main pest.In view of the advantages of UAV in saving manpower and reducing pollution, spraying insecticide by UAV can be widely used in the comprehensive prevention and control of pests in the tobacco field.