改革开放以来我国中等职业教育政策工具的选择偏好与改进策略

Selection Preferences and Improvement Strategies for Chinese Secondary Vocational Education Policy Tools since the Reform and Opening up

对中等职业教育政策工具选择偏好进行分析有助于中等职业教育的内涵建设。基于施耐德和英格拉姆的政策工具分析框架,对改革开放以来49份中等职业教育政策进行了计量与内容分析。研究发现,中等职业教育政策工具存在权威工具使用手段同质化、激励工具使用形式单一化、能力建设工具使用过程低效化、学习工具使用频次不足等问题。为此,应当通过以下途径不断完善中等职业教育政策工具选择:优化权威工具组合形式,科学选用多种政策工具;促进激励工具使用的多样化,增强政策执行效果;凸显能力建设工具的长期利好,深化政策持续影响力;发挥学习工具的核心优势,开放基层治理局面。

The analysis of the preference for the selection of secondary vocational education policy tools is conducive to the connotation construction of secondary vocational education. According to Schneider and Ingram’s policy tool analysis framework, 49 secondary vocational education policies since the reform and opening up were measured and content analyzed. The study found that the policy tools of secondary vocational education have problems such as homogenization of the use of authoritative tools, single use of incentive tools, inefficient use of capacity-building tools, and insufficient frequency of use of learning tools. In the new era, in order to constantly improve the choice of secondary vocational education policy tools, we should scientifically select a variety of policy tools by optimizing the combination of authoritative tools;enrich the use of incentive tools to enhance the effectiveness of policy implementation;highlight the long-term benefits of capacity-building tools and deepen the sustained impact of policies;give full play to the core advantages of learning tools, open up the situation of grass-roots governance and other means.