尿液膀胱肿瘤标志物的研究进展

Research progress of urinary bladder tumor markers

膀胱癌是泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,包括非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(non-muscular invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)和肌层浸润性膀胱癌(muscular invasive bladder cancer,MIBC)。目前临床上主要依赖膀胱镜检查和尿细胞学检查来诊断膀胱癌,随着临床实践需要和科研进步,如何通过尿液成分分析来实现膀胱癌的无创性诊断逐渐成为研究热点。现阶段已有一些尿液标志物被批准应用于临床,但因各种局限性均未得到临床指南的正式推荐,当然也包括很多尚处于研究阶段的尿液生物标志物,如DNA甲基化、微卫星分析、miRNA等。本文就目前的尿液膀胱肿瘤标志物的研究进展作一综述。

Bladder cancer(BC)is one of the common malignant tumors of the urinary system,including non-muscular invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscular invasive bladder cancer(MIBC).At present,the clinical diagnosis of BC mainly depends on cystoscopy and urine cytology.With the needs of clinical practice and the progress of scientific research,how to achieve non-invasive diagnosis of BC through urine composition analysis has gradually become a research hotspot.At present,some urine markers have been approved for clinical use,but they have not been formally recommended by clinical guidelines due to various limitations,including many urine biomarkers that are still in the research stage,such as DNA methylation,microsatellite analysis,miRNA,and so on.This article reviews the current research progress of urinary bladder tumor markers.