肠造口患者自我超越与社会支持、造口社会心理适应的相关性研究

Correlation among self-transcendence,social support and stoma psychosocial adaptation in patients with enterostomy

目的了解肠造口患者自我超越、社会支持及造口社会心理适应水平现状,并分析三者之间的相关性。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,选取2021年7—11月在青岛大学附属医院崂山院区伤口造口门诊就诊的210例肠造口患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、自我超越量表(STS)、社会支持量表(SSRS)以及肠造口患者造口社会心理适应量表(OAI-20)对其进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析检验各变量之间的相关性,采用多重线性回归分析探讨自我超越的影响因素。本研究共发放问卷210份,回收有效问卷196份,有效回收率为93.33%(196/210)。结果196例肠造口患者STS得分为(36.48±11.84)分;Pearson相关分析结果显示,肠造口患者自我超越与社会支持、造口社会心理适应均呈正相关(r值分别为0.712、0.855,P<0.01)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、是否能自我护理造口、社会支持以及造口社会心理适应能力是肠造口患者自我超越的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肠造口患者的自我超越水平有待提高,其自我超越与社会支持、造口社会心理适应能力相关。医护人员采取针对性措施,提高肠造口患者社会支持水平、社会适应能力,从而提高其自我超越水平,改善患者的生活质量。

Objective To understand the status of self-transcendence,social support and stoma psychosocial adaptation in patients with enterostomy,and to analyze the correlation among the three.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study.From July to November 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 210 patients with enterostomy who visited the Wound and Stoma Outpatient Clinic in Laoshan Campus,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University as the research object.The General Information Questionnaire,Self-transcendence Scale(STS),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Ostomy Adjustment Inventory-20(OAI-20)were used to investigate the patients.Pearson correlation was used to test the correlation among variables,and multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of self-transcendence.A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed,and 196 effective questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 93.33%(196/210).Results Among 196 patients with enterostomy,the STS score was(36.48±11.84).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the self-transcendence in colostomy patients was positively correlated with social support and stoma psychosocial adaptation(r=0.712,0.855;P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational level,stoma self-care,social support and stoma psychosocial adaptation were the main influencing factors of self-transcendence in patients with enterostomy(P<0.05).Conclusions The self-transcendence of patients with enterostomy needs to be improved,and the self-transcendence is related to social support and stoma psychosocial adaptation.Medical and nursing staff should take targeted measures to improve the social support and social adaptation of patients with enterostomy,thereby improving the self-transcendence and the quality of life of patients.