临床护士心理应激反应与医院暴力、共情能力的关系

Relationship between psychological stress response of clinical nurses and hospital violence and empathy ability

目的探讨临床护士的心理应激反应与医院暴力、共情能力的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年3—6月选取北京安贞医院的300名临床护士为研究对象,采用医院暴力事件发生状况调查表、事件影响量表-修订版(IES-R)和人际反应指数(IRI)量表对护士进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关分析探讨临床护士的心理应激反应与医院暴力、共情能力的关系。采用逐步回归分析探讨医院暴力事件、共情能力预测护士心理应激反应的情况。共发放问卷300份,回收291份,有效问卷279份。结果临床护士1年内遭受过医院暴力的总发生率为58.1%(162/279)。不同性别、教育程度的临床护士心理应激反应各维度得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理应激反应总分与近1年暴力事件总数、语言伤害次数和威胁次数均有相关性(P<0.05);躯体冲突严重程度、想象、威胁次数与心理应激反应呈正相关(P<0.01),女性出现应激反应更多(P<0.01)。观点采择与心理应激反应呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论临床护士遭受医院暴力后可产生一定程度的心理应激反应,其中女性更易发生,共情能力则系针对该反应的保护性因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between the psychological stress response of clinical nurses and hospital violence and ability empathy.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 300 clinical nurses in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were selected as the research objects from March to June 2021.Nurses were surveyed using the Hospital Violence Incidents Inventory,Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R)and Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI).Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between psychological stress response of clinical nurses and hospital violence and empathy ability.Stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the effect of hospital violence and empathy ability on predicting nurses'psychological stress response.A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed,291 were recovered and 279 were valid.Results The overall incidence of hospital violence among clinical nurses within 1 year was 58.1%(162/279).There were statistically significant differences in scores of each dimension of psychological stress response of clinical nurses with different gender and education levels(P<0.05).The total score of psychological stress response was correlated with the total number of violent incidents,the number of verbal injuries and the number of threats in the past year(P<0.05).The severity of physical conflict,imagination,number of threats were positively correlated with psychological stress response(P<0.01),and females had more stress response(P<0.01).Opinion-taking was negatively correlated with psychological stress response(P<0.05).Conclusions Clinical nurses may have a certain degree of psychological stress response after being subjected to hospital violence,which is more likely to occur in women,and empathy is a protective factor against this response.