试论东周时期的都城与同期希腊典型城市的规划布局

Analysis on the Planning and Layout of the Capital Cities in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Typical Greek Polis in the Same Period

东周是一个社会大变革的时代,处在同期的希腊城邦时代是其文明的鼎盛之时。在城市规划布局和建设上,东周的王城和主要诸侯国都城、希腊城邦的典型城市均具有鲜明的地方性和时代性,体现在城市选址的精要、王权和神权的交织、防御功能的强化、功能区规划的完善实用等方面。双方处在相同的历史发展阶段,具备许多人类认知的相同相似之处,又因地域相隔遥远,经济、政治、文化、宗教背景及不同民族发展之间的差别等因素,在城市布局上显现出共性与差异并存、各自特征鲜明的特点。

In the history of China,the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was an era of great social changes,while the ancient Greek city-state period witnessed the peak of the Greek civilization at the same time.In terms of urban planning,layout and construction,the imperial city and the capitals of major vassal states of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the typical cities of ancient Greek city-states have distinct local and epochal characteristics,which are reflected in the essence of city site selection,the interweaving of kingship and theocratic power,the strengthening of defensive functions,and the improvement and practicality of functional area planning,etc.The two sides are at the same stage of historical development,and have many similarities in human cognition.However,because of the geographical distance and differences in economic,political,cultural,religious backgrounds and the development of different ethnic groups,the city layouts of both sides are manifested in the coexistence of common and distinctive features.