基于北宋山水文章的文人游山观景研究

A Study of Scholars’Sightseeing on Mountains Based on Mountain and Water Articles in Northern Song Dynasty

游山活动是中国传统山岳文化的组成部分,古代文人墨客在游览山岳的同时也会进行文学创作,不仅会描绘当时秀丽的中华名山风光,还会记述其游赏方式和审美体验。整理发现,北宋的山水文章类型丰富、数量颇多,可以由此窥探文人的游观对象及游山体验。以《全宋文》作为文献研究来源,因其文本材料所记述的游山地点及行程,表现了文人观景途中的所见、所闻、所思,有助于进行古代文人墨客游山观景的研究;同时选取其中167篇北宋山水文章作为研究对象,通过对游山文献的分析与解读,探讨文人游山观景的行为及审美感受。基于历史与当下关照的山水景观研究视角,结合历史地理空间分析与文本挖掘信息的方法,分析其游山地点的空间分布,并归纳梳理北宋文人游山的动机之表、观览之态、钟情之物及赏景之异,期望能丰富中国山岳文化研究的内容广度与深度。

Mountain sightseeing is a part of Chinese traditional mountain culture.The ancient literati,while visiting the mountains,would also create literature that described the beautiful scenery of famous Chinese mountains at that timeand their own ways of visiting and aesthetic experience.It found that there are many types and quantities of mountain and water articles in the Northern Song Dynasty,which is helpful in exploring the viewing objects and mountain experience of scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty.This paper takes Quan Song Wen as the source of literature research.Because the location and itinerary of the mountain tour described in the text materials of this book show what literati saw,heard,thought,and thought on the way of viewing,which is helpful to study the mountain tour of ancient literati;At the same time,167 mountain and water articles in the Northern Song Dynasty are selected as the research object to explore their mountain viewing behavior and aesthetic feeling through the analysis and interpretation of mountain visiting documents in the Northern Song Dynasty.Based on the perspective of the Interactive Mountain-Water Landscape View between History and the Present,combined with the methods of historical geographical spatial analysis and text mining information,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of mountain tourism sites and combs the motivation of scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty,the state of viewing,the things they love and the differences of scenery,hoping to enrich the breadth and depth of Chinese mountain culture.