风浪震及重力载荷联合作用下大型风力机动力学响应及结构损伤分析

Analysis of Dynamic Response and Structural Damage of Large-scale Wind Turbine Under Combined Action of Wind-Wave-Earthquake with Gravity Load

以近海DTU 10 MW单桩式大型风力机为研究对象,采用Kaimal风谱模型模拟湍流风场,根据P-M谱建立波浪模型,选取实测地震位移数据为地震载荷,基于非线性弹簧单元和p-y曲线构建土-结构耦合效应模型,并对不同环境载荷下风力机进行动力学响应及屈曲分析。结果表明:风浪和地震载荷分别为引发风力机塔顶前后向及侧向位移的主要载荷;塔架一阶模态为不同环境载荷下风力机动力学响应主要参与模态;环境载荷联合作用下塔顶更易发生局部屈曲,结构设计时应重点关注此处;必须考虑风浪震重力载荷联合作用,否则难以准确预估风力机结构动力学响应及判断结构稳定性。

Taking the offshore DTU 10 MW monopile wind turbine as the research object, Kaimal wind spectrum model was used to simulate the turbulent wind field, and the wave model was established according to P-M spectrum. The measured seismic displacement data was selected as the seismic load, and the soil-structure coupling effect model was established based on the nonlinear spring element and p-y curve. The dynamic response and buckling analysis of the wind turbine under different environmental loads were carried out. Results show that wind-wave and earthquake load are the main loads that cause the front and rear displacement and lateral displacement of the wind turbine tower, respectively. The first order mode of the tower is the main participating mode of wind dynamic mechanical response under different environmental loads. The top of the tower is prone to local buckling under combined action of environmental loads, which should be paid more attention to in the structural design. The combined effects of wind-wave-earthquake and gravity loads must be considered, otherwise it is difficult to accurately predict the dynamic response of wind turbine structures and judge the structural stability.