静磁场下高温合金定向凝固组织与缺陷的研究进展

Research Progress on Microstructures and Defects in Directionally Solidified Superalloys under Static Magnetic Field

磁场下定向凝固为高温合金凝固组织优化与缺陷控制提供了新的思路。本文综述了近年来静磁场下高温合金定向凝固的研究进展。在作用机理方面,重点介绍了静磁场下高温合金的热电磁效应及其模拟研究结果;在凝固组织方面,系统总结了横向静磁场和纵向强磁场对定向和单晶高温合金枝晶组织、γ/γ′共晶和γ′析出相等的影响;在缺陷控制方面,探讨了静磁场对高温合金枝晶偏析、杂晶等缺陷的影响机制。展望了磁场作用下通过凝固制备高温合金的突破点和未来发展趋势。

Directional solidification under magnetic field provides a new method for tailoring microstructures and controlling defects in superalloys.The research progress on directional solidification of superalloys under static magnetic field is reviewed in this paper.The thermoelectromagnetic effect in superalloys under the magnetic field and the corresponding simulation results are primarily introduced.The effects of transverse static magnetic field and longitudinal static magnetic field on dendrites,γ/γ′eutectics,andγ′phases of directionally solidified superalloys are systematically summarized.The influences of static magnetic field on the defects such as dendritic segregation and stray grains of superalloys are also overviewed.Finally,the problems that need to be further solved are pointed out,and the future development trend of superalloys solidified under magnetic field is also prospected.