腰椎退行性疾病微创外科治疗概况及展望

Overview and prospect of minimally invasive surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases

一、腰椎微创外科关键要素(一)神经减压1.神经减压通道:神经减压通道是减少医源性肌肉等软组织损伤的关键要素,通过逐级软组织扩张器经肌肉或肌肉间隙进行扩张,减少对周围肌肉的挤压性损伤,同时减少或避免对肌肉起止点的剥离,从而减少对肌肉结构及功能的副损伤;通道为手术器械出入病灶部位及操作提供通畅的空间,避免周围软组织反复进入手术视野。

The development of minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery depends on the continuous innovation,improvement of minimally invasive equipment and surgical techniques.Excellent clinical outcomes,less iatrogenic injury and rapid postoperative recovery promote the popularization and application of minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery,which is becoming the most promising treatment method and development direction for lumbar degenerative diseases.This article introduces the key elements of minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery in detail,including nerve decompression,intervertebral fusion,and supplementary fixation.Combining these key elements,there can be a variety of minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery techniques.Based on the existing lumbar spine surgery techniques,this paper summarizes the minimally invasive surgical treatment strategies for common lumbar degenerative diseases,and selectively introduces the supporting factors of minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery.