稳定性自主:社会组织自主性生产图景再审视——基于对“绿主妇”成长的历时性观察

Stable Autonomy: Re-examination of the Autonomous Production Landscape of Social Organizations——Based on a Diachronic Observation on the Growth of “Green Housewives”

自主性作为社会组织的关键特征,现有研究中对其多存在片段式、片面性认知,本文基于机构、资源、行动、制度四个维度来重新审视社会组织自主性的生产图景,以期实现提供公共服务、推动社会参与的组织目标。通过对个案的历时性考察发现:政党赋权与社会赋能有助于组织机构合法性的获取与内部治理结构体系的完善,通过借势增能取得组织初步自主性;“双轨并行”的运作机制在巩固了组织身份权威的同时,结合社会组织关系网络的再造,提升了资源跨界汲取和整合能力,实现了组织内外的联动互促,有效提升了自主性;柔性化的党建引领与市场化的项目运作共同作用于社会组织自主性的行动维度,推动行动内容与行动地域的扩展,实现了自主性的生成。而自主性的维系又得益于制度性建设贯穿上述整个过程,通过组织内部行为制度化与外部合作结构化完善组织机构、强化资源整合和优化行动效率,进而保障了自主性空间,摆脱了社会组织“非稳定自主”的窠臼,迈向稳定性自主。社会组织自主性生产图景的再审视,既反映出其与国家、社会、市场的多方互动与策略行为,也有助于通过更加成熟的社会组织来承接和优化转型中国的基层治理。

As a key feature of social organizations, autonomy is often fragmented and one-sided in existing research. Based on the four dimensions of institutions, resources, actions, and systems, this paper re-examines the production picture of social organization autonomy, in order to provide organizational goals for public service and to promote social participation. Through the diachronic investigation of the cases, it is found that the empowerment of the political party and the empowerment of the society are helpful for the acquisition of the legitimacy of the organization and the improvement of the internal governance structure system. The initial autonomy of the organization can be obtained by taking advantage of the empowerment and by enhancing the internal ability;The operation of the “dual-track parallel” while consolidating the authority of the organization’s identity, the mechanism, combined with the reconstruction of the social organization’s relationship network, improves the ability to absorb and integrate resources across borders, realizes the linkage and mutual promotion inside and outside the organization, and effectively enhances autonomy. The flexible leadership of party building and the market-oriented project operation jointly act on the action dimension of social organization autonomy, promote the expansion of action content and action area, and realize the generation of autonomy. The maintenance of autonomy benefits from institutional construction that runs through the entire process. Through institutionalization of internal behavior and external cooperation, the organizational structure is improved, the integration of resources is strengthened, and the efficiency of action is optimized, thereby ensuring the space for autonomy, getting rid of the social organization the rut of “unstable autonomy” and moving towards stable autonomy. A re-examination of the autonomous production landscape of social organizations not only reflects their multi-party interactions and strategic behaviors with the state, society, and the market, but also helps to undertake and optimize grassroots governance in China through more mature social organizations.