机插密度对盐碱地超级稻产量及钠钾离子吸收的影响

Effects of Mechanical Transplanting Density on Yield and Absorption of Sodium and Potassium Ions of Super Rice in Saline-Alkali Land

为筛选出江苏滨海盐碱地超级稻品种‘湘两优900’的适宜机插密度,研究了不同机插密度(高密度,T_(1):25.0×10^(4)穴/hm^(2);中密度,T_(2):19.9×10^(4)穴/hm^(2);低密度,T_(3):16.6×10^(4)穴/hm^(2))对水稻各指标的影响,并动态监测了土壤及田间水盐分的变化。结果表明:水稻种植能够显著降低土壤可溶性总盐含量,降幅可达28.68%;随机插密度变小,水稻单穴的分蘖数、干物质重能够显著提高,而群体的分蘖数和干物质重会相应的显著降低;水稻SPAD值在生殖生长期时,随密度下降呈增加的趋势,而叶面积指数在所有生育期均呈降低的趋势;机插密度下降能够显著增加单穴钠钾离子积累量和显著降低群体的钠钾离子积累。相关分析表明,不同机插密度水稻实际产量与单株钠离子积累量呈显著负相关,与群体有效穗数、群体干物质积累量呈显著正相关,与每穗总粒数、群体钾离子积累量呈极显著正相关。本试验条件下,江苏滨海盐碱地‘湘两优900’的适宜机插密度为25.0×10^(4)穴/hm^(2)。

In order to screen out the suitable planting density of Jiangsu coastal saline-alkali super rice variety‘Xiangliangyou 900’,the influence of different planting densities were studied(high density,T_(1):25.0×104 holes/hm2;medium density,T_(2):19.9×104 holes/hm2;low density,T_(3):16.6×104 holes/hm2)on various indexes of rice,and dynamically monitor the changes of soil and field water and salinity.Rice planting could significantly reduce the total soluble salt content in soil by 28.68%.With the decrease of random insertion density,the tiller number and dry matter weight of a single hole of rice could be significantly increased,while the tiller number and dry matter weight of the group could be significantly increased.The SPAD value of rice in the reproductive growth period showed an increasing trend with the decrease of density,while the leaf area index showed a decreasing trend in all growth stages.The decrease of the machine planting density could significantly increase the accumulation of sodium and potassium ions in a single hole and significantly reduces the accumulation of sodium and potassium ions in the population.Correlation analysis showed that the actual yield of rice with different mechanical planting densities was significantly negatively correlated with the accumulation of sodium ions per plant,and was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective panicles and the accumulation of population dry matter,and with the total number of grains per panicle and the accumulation of potassium ions in the population.There was a very significant positive correlation between the amount.Under the experimental conditions,the suitable machine insertion density of‘Xiangliangyou 900’in coastal saline-alkali land in Jiangsu is 25.0×104 holes/hm2.