小麦添加比例对啮齿类动物饲料品质及大鼠血液生化指标的影响

Effects of wheat supplemental proportion on feed quality of rodents and blood biochemical indices of rats

为了研究小麦替代玉米对啮齿类动物饲料品质及大鼠血液生化指标的影响,试验将90只450.0~500.0 g健康SD大鼠平均分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复6只,分别饲喂用0(T1组)、10%(T2组)、20%(T3组)、30%(T4组)和40%(T5组)小麦替代玉米的试验日粮,试验期35 d,试验结束后测定大鼠生长性能和血液生化指标,应用折线法确定小麦最佳添加水平。结果表明:与T1组相比,T4组和T5组饲料成型率(P>0.05)和饲料外观得到了改善,饲料硬度极显著提高(P<0.01)。T3组末重、增重和饲料转化率极显著高于T1组(P<0.01)。T4组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TCHO)、葡萄糖(GLU)水平和α-淀粉酶(AMY)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(GOT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(GPT)活性极显著高于T1组(P<0.01);应用折线法确定小麦最佳添加水平为28.36%。初步认为在本试验条件下,在啮齿动物饲料配方中,小麦添加量为28.36%时能够改善啮齿类动物饲料品质和生长状况。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat,the corn’s substitute,on rodent diet quality and rats blood parameters.Ninety healthy SPRague-dawley rats(450.0-500.0 g)were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 6 rats per replicate.The rats were fed the experimental diet with 0(T1 group),10%(T2 group),20%(T3 group),30%(T4 group)and 40%(T5 group)of wheat instead of corn,respectively.After 35 days of animal experiment,the growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of the animals were measured,and the optimal supplemental level of wheat was determined by broken line method.The results showed that compared with the T1 group,T4 and T5 group improved the pelleting rate(P>0.05),appearance quality,and increased the hardness(P<0.01)of diet.The final weight in T3 group was significantly higher than that in T1 group(P<0.01),and the weight gain rate and feed conversion rate in T4 group were significantly higher than those in T1 group(P<0.01).Compared with the T1 group,the total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TCHO)and glucose(GLU)content,and the amylase(AMY),aspartate transaminase(GOT)and alanine transaminase(GPT)activities in serum of T4 group were significantly increased(P<0.01).The optimal supplemental level of wheat was 28.36% by using broken line method.The results indicated that wheat supplementation could improve the quality and growth of rodent feed.