《孙子兵法》数词探赜:内涵建构、外延界定与多维分类--基于吴九龙等《孙子校释》

An Exploration of Numerals in The Art of War : Connotation Construction, Denotation Definition and Multidimensional Classification--Based on Revision and Annotation of The Art of War by Wu Jiulong Etc.

内涵、外延与分类等基本问题是汉语数词研究的重点和难点之一。由于数词语义和语用功能的多元差异,以及研究方法和实践标准的思维局限,这些问题至今仍存有争议。内涵是本质规定,外延是范围制约,分类则是特性区分加同质聚合。内涵建构以外延界定为前提,外延界定以内涵建构为目的,二者共同决定多维分类的研究对象。数词外延可依据意义标准、兼顾形态和功能标准进行界定,并据此建构内涵,进行多维分类。《孙子兵法》数词元素广泛、类型各异,具有一定代表性和典型性,通过讨论《孙子兵法》数词基本问题可为汉语数词研究提供现实思路和可行方法。

Basic issues such as connotation,extension and classification are one of the key points and difficulties in the study of Chinese numerals.Due to the multiple differences in the semantics and pragmatic functions of numerals,as well as the limitations of research methods and practical standards,disputes still exist in these issues.Connotation is essential regulation.Extension is scope restriction.Classification is characteristic distinction and homogeneous aggregation.The extension of numerals can be defined according to the standard of meaning.Taking into account the standard of form and function,and then construct the connotation and carry out multi-dimensional classification.The Art of War has a wide range of elements,different types,and has certain representativeness and typicality.By discussing the basic issues of The Art of War numerals,it can provide realistic ideas and feasible methods for the study of Chinese numerals.