微生物合成2-苯乙醇研究进展

Advances in Microbial Synthesis of 2-Phenylethanol

2-苯乙醇(2-PE)是一种具有广阔应用前景的高级芳香醇。由于化学合成的复杂性和天然提取的高昂成本,近年来,利用微生物发酵合成2-PE受到广泛关注。许多微生物有天然合成2-PE的能力,但产量相对较低,并不适合大规模生产。在最近几年的研究中,利用代谢工程和合成生物学技术,通过上调限速酶基因表达水平,改善前体转运,提高2-PE耐受性等多方面优化,2-PE的微生物产量有了大幅度的提高。综述微生物合成2-PE的相关研究进展,分析关键代谢调控的机制,并就目前存在的问题提出了改进建议。

2-Phenylethanol(2-PE) is an important aromatic with broad application prospects. Due to the complexity of chemical synthesis and the high cost of natural extraction, the synthesis of 2-PE by microbial fermentation has gained extensive attention recently. Various microorganisms have the ability to synthesize 2-PE naturally with low yield. In recent years, using genetic engineering and synthetic biology technology, the microbial yield of 2-PE has been greatly improved by up-regulating the expression level of rate-limiting enzyme gene, improving precursors transport and enhancing the tolerance of 2-PE. The research progress of microbial synthesis of 2-PE is reviewed, the mechanism of key metabolic regulation is analyzed, current problems are addressed, and suggestions for improvement are proposed.